VMware Interview Questions and Answers

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VMware Interview Questions and Answers

1Q) Explain The Difference B/w Clone And template in VMware?

Ans:

Clone Template
  • A clone is a copy of the virtual machine
  • You cannot convert back the cloned Virtual Machine
  • A clone of a virtual machine can be made when the virtual machine is powered on
  • A full clone is independent of parent virtual machines and does not share anything with virtual machines.
  • A template is a master copy of a virtual machine; it can be used to make many clones
  • The template can be converted back to the virtual machine to update the base template
  • Template cannot be edited or powered on, and are more difficult to change than an ordinary virtual machine
  • When you clone a virtual machine from the template, the resulting cloned virtual machine is free of the original virtual machine
  • A linked clone shares virtual disks with the parent virtual machine. It enables multiple virtual machines to use the same software installation
 
 
  • When the virtual machine is powered on, it cannot convert the virtual machine to a template but can convert the clone to a template

2Q) What are the three port groups present in ESX server networking?

Ans:

  • Virtual Machine Port Group - Used for Virtual Machine Network
  • Service Console Port Group - Used for Service Console Communications
  • VMKernel Port Group - Used for VMotion, iSCSI, NFS Communications

3Q) What is the use of a Port Group?

Ans: The port group segregates the type of communication.
 

4Q) What are the type of communications which requires an IP address for sure?

Ans: Service Console and VMKernel (VMotion and iSCSI), these communications do not happen without an IP address (Whether it is single or dedicated)
 

5Q) In the ESX Server licensing features VMotion License is showing as Not used, why?

Ans: Even though the license box is selected, it shows as "License Not Used" until you enable the VMotion option for specific vSwitch
 
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6Q) How the Virtual Machineort group communication works?

Ans: All the VMs which are configured in the VM Port Group are able to connect to the physical machines on the network. So this port group enables the communication between vSwitch and Physical Switch to connect VMs to Physical Machines
 

7Q) What is a VLAN?

Ans: A VLAN is a logical configuration on the switch port to segment the IP Traffic. For this to happen, the port must be trunked with the correct VLAN ID.

8Q) Does the vSwitches support VLAN Tagging? Why?

Ans: Yes, The vSwitches support VLAN Tagging, otherwise if the virtual machines in an esx host are connected to different VLANS, we need to install a separate physical nic (vSwitch) for every VLAN. That is the reason VMware included the VLAN tagging for vSwitches. So every vSwitch supports up to 1016 ports, and BTW they can support 1016 VLANS if needed, but an ESX server doesn’t support that many VMs. :)

9Q) What is Promiscuous Mode on vSwitch? What happens if it sets to Accept?

Ans: If the promiscuous mode is set to Accept, all the communication is visible to all the virtual machines, in other words, all the packets are sent to all the ports on vSwitch

If the promiscuous mode is set to Reject, the packets are sent to the intended port, so that the intended virtual machine was able to see the communication.

10Q) What is MAC address Changes? What happens if it is set to Accept?

Ans: When we create a virtual machine the configuration wizard generates a MAC address for that machine, you can see it in the .vmx (VM Config) file. If it doesn't matches with the MAC address in the OS this setting does not allow incoming traffic to the VM. So by setting the Reject Option, both MAC addresses will remain the same, and the incoming traffic will be allowed to the VM.

11Q) What is Forged Transmits? What happens if it is set to Accept?

Ans: When we create a virtual machine the configuration wizard generates a MAC address for that machine, you can see it in the .vmx (VM Config) file. If it doesn't matches with the MAC address in the OS this setting does not allow outgoing traffic from the VM. So by setting Reject Option, both MAC addresses will remain the same, and the outgoing traffic will be allowed from the VM.

12Q) What are the core services of VC?

Ans: VM provisioning, Task Scheduling, and Event Logging

13Q) Can we do vMotion between two data centres? If possible how it will be?

Ans: Yes, we can do vMotion between two data centres, but the mandatory requirement is the VM should be powered off.

14Q) What is a VC agent? and what service it is corresponded to? What are the minimum req's for VC agent installation?

Ans: VC agent is an agent installed on the ESX server which enables the communication between VC and ESX server.

The daemon  associated with it is called VMware-hosted, and the service which corresponds to it is called as mgmt-VMware, in the event of VC agent failure just restart the service by typing the following command at the service console

" service mgmt-VMware restart "

VC agent is installed on the ESX server when we add it to the VC, so at the time of installation if you are getting an error like " VC Agent service failed to install ", check the /Opt size whether it is sufficient or not.

VMware Interview Questions for Experienced

15Q) How can you edit VI Client Settings and VC Server Settings?

Ans: Click Edit Menu on VC and Select Client Settings to change VI settings

Click Administration Menu on VC and Select VC Management Server Configuration to Change VC Settings

16Q) What are the files that make a Virtual Machine?

Ans:

  • .vmx - Virtual Machine Configuration File
  • .nvram - Virtual Machine BIOS
  • .vmdk - Virtual Machine Disk file
  • .vswp - Virtual Machine Swap File
  • .vmsd - Virtual MAchine Snapshot Database
  • .vmsn - Virtual Machine Snapshot file
  • .vmss - Virtual Machine Suspended State file
  • .vmware.log - Current Log File
  • .vmware-#.log - Old Log file

17Q) What are the devices that can be added while the virtual machine running?

Ans: In VI 3.5 we can add Hard Disk and NICs while the machine running.

In vSphere 4.0 we can add Memory and Processor along with HDD and NICs while the machine running

18Q) How to set the time delay for the BIOS screen for a Virtual Machine?

Ans: Right, Click on VM, select edit settings, choose the options tab, and select the boot option, set the delay how much you want.

19Q) What is a template?

Ans: We can convert a VM into a Template, and it cannot be powered on once it changed to the template. This is used for the quick provisioning of VMs.

20Q) What to do to customize the Windows virtual machine clone?

Ans: Copy the Sysprep files to the Virtual Center directory on the server, so that the wizard will take advantage of it.

21Q) What to do to customize the Linux/Unix virtual machine clone?

Ans: VC itself includes customization tools, as these operating systems are available as open-source.

22Q) Does cloning from a template happen between two data centres?

Ans: Yes.. it can, if the template is in one data centre, we can deploy the VM from that template in another data centre without any problem.

23Q) What are the common issues with snapshots? What stops you from taking a snapshot and how to fix it?

Ans: If you configure the VM with Mapped LUNs, then the snapshot failed. If it is mapped as virtual then we can take a snapshot of it.

If you configure the VM with Mapped LUNs as physical, you need to remove it to take a snapshot.

24Q) What are the settings that are taken into consideration when we initiate a snapshot?

Ans:

  • Virtual Machine Configuration (What hardware is attached to it)
  • State of the Virtual Machine Hard Disk file ( To revert back if needed)
  • State of the Virtual Machine Memory (if it is powered on)
  • What are the requirements for Converting a Physical machine to a VM?
  • An agent needs to be installed on the Physical machine
  • VI client needs to be installed with Converter Plug-in
  • A server to import/export virtual machines

25Q) What is VMWare consolidated backup?

Ans: It is a backup framework, that supports 3rd party utilities to take backups of ESX servers and Virtual Machines. It's not a backup service.

26Q) To open the guided consolidation tool, what are the user requirements?

Ans: The user must be a member of administrator, The user should have "Logon as service" privileges - To give a user these privileges, open local sec policy, select Logon as service policy, and add the user should have read access to AD to send queries

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