Inheritance in C# .Net

 

Inheritance

Inheritance is a concept of deriving the features from one class to another class.

An inheritance leads to code reusability.

Inheritance also saves memory.

 

Observation

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  Class EMP

{

P in temp no (or) Private int  ENO;

Private String EName;

Private int Sal;

}

  Class worker (wrk)

{

28 bytes

}

Class manager : wrk

{

12 bytes

}  

Types of Inheritance

Single Inheritance

Class A

{ }

Class B: A

{ }  

Class A

{

P1 ()

}

Class B:A

{

P2 ()

}  

Multiple Inheritance

 

Class A Base class

{

}

Class B: A derived class

{

}

Class C:B derived class

{

}

  Hierarchical Inheritance  

   

Multiple Inheritance

 

    Class c : A, B

C obj = new c ()

Obj .P1 ()

Not possible  (or)  supported in .net.  

Types of Inheritance

Multiple inheritances is not supported directly in C #.net.

But a similar structure is supported with the help of Inheritance.

  Hybrid Inheritance  

 

It is not supported

It contains multiple Inheritance  

Logical Diagram in Inheritance concept

B obj = new B()  

   

Private data is accessible only from the class where these are declared.

Protected data is accessible from ALL SUBCLASSES (derived class )also.

Class B : Private A -à C ++ Concept

Public data is accessible in the derived class as well as from objects  

Ex 1:-

A company gives Bonus, when they are reaching the target, then calculate the total salary.

ENO

SAL

BONUS

%S (Total Salary)  

Open windows forms application project Place a button Code in GD    

Class EMP

{

Private int ENO = 101;

Protected  int Sal = 5000;

Public void print ()

{

Message. Box. Show   (E no + “” + Sal);

}

//print

}

// class (EMP)  

Class bonus  : EMP

{

Private int b, ts;

Public void calculate (int n)

{

B = n;

Print ();

Ts = Sal +b;

Message  Box. Show (“Total”  + ts);

}

}

//Bonus Code for

Button1_click

{

Dialog Result dr;

  Dr =  Message Box . show (“R u getting bonus”, “Peers”, Message Box Buttons. Yes No, Message Box Icon .Question );

If (dr = = Dialog Result .yes)

{

Bonus obj = new bonus ();

Obj. Calculate (3000);

}

Else {

EMP X = new EMP ();

print ();

}

 (or) new EMP ().Print (); // name less object

}  

Working with overriding (Runtime Polymorphism)

 

Public void Print ()

{

MB.S (“A”)

}

Public void show ()

{

MB.S (“B”);

Print ();

}

B obj = new B ();

Obj. Show () Obj. Print ()

Overriding is a concept of having two methods with the same name and the same arguments in Base and derived classes.

In overriding by default the priority will be given to local class methods.

In overriding, in order to access parent class method s,

the “base” keyword is required. ”base” keyword can be used with methods, fields, and constructors also.  

 

{

MBS (“A”);

}

{

MBS (“B”);

}

base. show ();

{

MBS (“C”);

}

base. Show ();

New c () .show ();

Example on overriding Fields

open window forms application project

place a button

code in GD

Class A

{

Public int x = 10;

}

Class B :A

{

Private int x = 100;

Public void print (int x)

{

Message Box. Show (This. x + “”) ;

//100

Message Box. Show (base. x + “”) ;

//10

Message Box. Show (This. x + “”) ;

//1000

}

}

Code for Button 1_click

{

B obj = new B ();

Obj. print (1000);

Message Box .Show (obj . x + “”);

//10

}

Working with Sealed classes

Sealed classes are not inheritable Sealed is a keyword When a class is providing full functionality as per the requirements, then recommended to declare that classes as “sealed class”

Example of a sealed class 

Open windows forms application project Place a button Code in GD   Sealed

class test

{

Public void divide (Sting s)

{

String [] x = s. split (“”);

For (I =0; I < x. length; I ++)

Message Box. Show (x [i]);

}

// divide

Class abc : test

{

// gives an error

}  

Code for Button1 _ click

Private void Button1_click (----)

{

Test t = new test ();

Divide (“this is for test”);

}