SAP Sales and Distribution (SD) is one of the most popularly used modules that is imparted in the SAP SD Certification program towards better data and work management in enterprises. SAP (System Application and Products) was initiated by SAP AG that originated in Germany. It has come a long way in adopting various modules for different processes in an organization. Today, SAP has been adopted by a host of companies from across the globe to enhance the process works in various departments.
The SAP SD module is one of the primary ERP modules developed by SAP. SAP service and distribution deals in better management of sales and customer distribution data and processes in organizations.SAP service and distribution deals with better management of sales and customer distribution data and processes in organizations. It works closely with other SAP modules towards effective process work. Other modules that SAP SD integrates are financial accounting (FI), controlling (CO), materials management (MM), and production planning (PP), and so on. SAP SD configuration requires adequate knowledge of handling SAP-developed software products. It is widely advised by experts to undertake SAP SD training in order to build a strong base on the SAP SD users.
The SAP SD module has multiple components that integrate different processes within the job area.
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Master data is very important for all SAP modules. These are data records that remain in the database for a long period of time. And also has an organizational aspect as it is assigned to organizational units.
The sales and distribution master data include data of customer master data, material master data, pricing conditions record, output records, and credit management. From order to cash process, the entire flow is recorded in this module.
SAP SD configuration results from an effective process across all basic functions involved in the sales and distribution area. Here, examples of basic functions can be pricing, output, etc.
The basic functions of SD
Sales allow you to execute different business transactions based on sales documents defined in the system. Deliveries and billing documents can be created and processed from the sales document.
Four groups of sales documents are differentiated
Shipping is defined as a very important activity in the sales process. It comes under the logistics chain and guarantees customer service and distribution of goods. It is a significant component of the Sales and Distribution module. It is used to perform outbound delivery and other shipping activities like picking and packing of the goods.
In the shipping process, there are a few key sub-processes, which include:
The shipping point's key characteristics include
This SAP SD Transportation component works closely with the above shipping module. A product can be either couriered or manually delivered. The mode of transportation is different for each one and is being tracked through this module.
Data that describes the export or dispatch characteristics of a sales and distribution (SD) transaction. This component helps a department to handle the data related to foreign trade including both imported products and products exported outside. This module works best for enterprises involved with trade across nations.
SAP's Foreign Trade/Customs application (FT) is
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Controls processing of billing documents such as invoices, credit, and debit memos as well as cancellation documents. This component is responsible for creating the invoices or credit/debit memos based on the goods deliveries.
The billing document type controls the entire billing document.
You can use billing document types to deal with the different business transactions carried out during billing processing.
The different billing document types available are listed in the following table:
| Billing Document Type | Name |
| F1 | Delivery-related invoice |
| F2 | Delivery-related invoice |
| F5 | Pro forma invoice for sales order |
| F8 | Pro forma invoice for delivery |
| FP | Interface Billing - POS system |
| CR | Credit memo |
| L2 | Debit memo |
| RE | Credit memo for returns |
| S1 | Cancellation invoice |
| S2 | Cancellation credit memo |
Specific functions can be defined for each billing document type. This is done using control elements that are specified in tables.
The billing document type controls the following elements:
The number range for the document number
The billing type that can be used to cancel the billing document
The transfer status of the billing document:
The procedure for account assignment in Financial Accounting
The allowed output for a business transaction and the procedure for output
The partner functions allowed at the header level
The partner functions are allowed at the item level.
The data exchanged between the sales team and customers while delivering support for a product is recorded and reported through this module. From selling a product to maintaining it for a process, customers constantly interact with the sales team.
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