Functions

• Inline functions
• Function default arguments
• Function overloading
• Pass by value

Classes and Objects  in C++

Class Class is a data type or user defined data type. It is a collection of members, these members are 2 types. Data members Member functions In object oriented application development data is represent in the form of object  

Difference between class & structure

    Syntax of class in C++ class  class-type-name { private : data-members; member-functions; public : data-members; member functions; }  

What is data member ?

Variable declared inside class is called data member Data member define state of the object or value hold by object.  

Member function in C++

Function defined inside a class is called member function Binding data members with member function inside a class called as Member function define behavior of object or operation performed on the object Private, public and protected are called as access specifier. Default members of class are private Default members of structure are global/ public  

Access specifier/ access neighbours

Access specifier define visibility on accessibility of members declared within class. C++ provide 3 access specifiers

1. private
2. protected
3. public

Private

Default members of class are private Private member are accessible within class or members of the same class Private members are not accessible within non members on members of other classes.       Data hiding in object oriented is achieved by declaring data members within class as private Protected Protected member access by members of same class and derived class Protected members cannot access by non members and members of other classes.           public These  members access by members of some class, derived class, non members and members of other classes.      

Summary of Access Specifiers

Object in C++

• It is a instance of class
• A variable of type class is called object
• On creation of object memory is allocated for data members of class.

Syntax Class –name object –name, object-name,…. class defined structure of object  

Program (Write a program to find area of triangular)

# include <iostream.h>                   [ writing a class within main- local class triangle                                             classes & vice versa] { private : float base, height;                 // data members public : void read() { cout<<”\n input base height”; cin>>base>>height; } void find area () { float area=0.5*base*height; }; Size of the class is equal to some of data member size On creation of object memory is allocated for data members of class but not member functions Member functions operators on one or more than one object.